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Preventive & Social Medicine Revision Notes

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1. Epidemiological Studies

💡 Cohort = RR (Prospective). Case-Control = OR (Retrospective).

2. Biostatistics

💡 SD = 68-95-99.7 rule. P-value < 0.05 = reject null.

3. Screening & Validity

💡 Sensitivity = TP/(TP+FN). Specificity = TN/(TN+FP).

4. National Health Programs

💡 RNTCP, NVBDCP, NPCB, NPCDCS. Ayushman Bharat = PMJAY.

5. Demography & Vital Statistics

💡 CBR, CDR, IMR, NRR, GRR. Demographic transition stages. IMR = best index of health.

6. Nutrition & Diet Surveys

💡 ICMR RDA. PEM grading: IAP classification. Balanced diet = 50:30:20 (Carb:Fat:Protein).

7. Environmental Health & Sanitation

💡 Chlorination: break-point. Horrock's test = residual chlorine. Hard water = Ca/Mg salts.

8. MCH & Family Planning

💡 Janani Suraksha Yojana. High risk pregnancy screening. Couple protection rate.

9. Communicable Disease Surveillance

💡 Generation time, serial interval. Herd immunity. Cold chain: +2 to +8°C.

10. Health Planning & Management

💡 PHC = 30,000 population. CHC = 120,000. District hospital = 5-10 lakh.